Jan Amos Commenius is considered by many to be the father of modern education. Inspired by the concepts of the reformation Commenius asserted that children should be taught to think rather than forced to memorize.
Boys ever delight in being occupied in something for the youthful blood does not allow them to be at rest. Now as this is very useful, it ought not to be restrained, but provision made that they may always have something to do. Let them be like ants, continually occupied in doing something, carrying, drawing, construction and transporting, provided always that whatever they do be done prudently. They ought to be assisted by showing them the forms of all things, even of playthings; for they cannot yet be occupied in real work, and we should play with them.
Commenius (1592-1670)
Thanks to The Wisdom of the Hands